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The Jubilee River is a hydraulic channel in southern England. It is long and is on average wide. It was constructed in the late 1990s and early 2000s to take overflow from the River Thames and so alleviate flooding to areas in and around the towns of Maidenhead, Windsor, and Eton in the counties of Berkshire and Buckinghamshire. It achieves this by taking water from the left (eastern) bank of the Thames upstream of Boulter's Lock near Maidenhead and returning it downstream of Eton.〔(Environment Agency – A map indicating the location and route of the Jubilee River )〕 Although successful in its stated aims, residents of villages downstream claim it has increased flooding. ==Construction== The Environment Agency commissioned the design and construction of the river which cost £110 million.〔(Charles Clover, Telegraph Environment Editor ''Flood maps show extra 300,000 homes are now at risk'' 7 October 2004 )〕 When it was formed, the channel was the largest man-made river project undertaken in Britain in modern times, and the second largest in Europe. As well as creating the channel and its various flow control mechanisms, the scheme involved constructing many bridges for road, rail and foot traffic. One of these, Dorney Bridge, took the channel through a 19th-century Brunel railway embankment while it continued to carry main line trains between London and Bristol. The Victorian tall embankment had to be frozen, bored through creating a large tunnel and then a concrete culvert already formed to fit was inserted.〔 The channel also had to be taken through Black Potts Viaduct, which carries the railway line built to Windsor & Eton Riverside station. Protective structures had to be put in place to preserve its structural integrity. The channel involved complex civil engineering to deal with utility conduits, roads and railways, as well as ecological and social issues, entailing compulsory purchases, community lectures and consultations and a public enquiry. Conception to fruition took about twenty years. Defects in parts of the engineering came to light in January 2003, with the first serious test of the flood relief main purpose of the channel. The channel saw flows well short of its designed flow capacity but weir failure and costly bed and bank erosion occurred,〔(Royal Windsor Web Site January 2003 Floods and Jubilee River Bank Collapse )〕 leading to a programme of repair and upgrading, costing about £3.5 million. The Environment Agency sued the lead design consultants for recovery of those remedial costs, and an out-of-court settlement of £2.75 million was agreed.〔New Civil Engineer Plus ''EA sues designers of failed Jubilee River flood defence EMAP Construct'' 15 June 2006〕〔New Civil Engineer Plus ''News'' EMAP Construct 14 September 2006〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jubilee River」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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